Star topology is a common way of connecting devices. It’s a type of network where all the nodes (computers, printers, etc.) link to a central hub or switch. Think of it like a star, with the hub at the centre and the nodes as the points radiating from it.
Definition of Star Topology
Star topology is defined as a network topology where each node is directly connected to a central hub. This hub acts as a communication point that allows data to flow between the connected nodes.
Star topology is sometimes referred to as a “hub-and-spoke” network topology, as it resembles a hub with spokes (nodes) radiating from it.
Structure of Star Topology
Here is the step-by-step structure of star topology:
1. Central Device
In star topology, there is a central device like a hub or switch. This device manages the entire network and controls the flow of data between connected devices. A network cannot function if there is no central device.
2. Connection of Devices
Each computer or device in the network connects directly to the central device. This connection is made using cables. Every device has its separate cable, which links it to the hub or switch. This setup ensures that the devices do not share cables, which reduces the chance of errors.
3. Data Transmission
When a device sends data, the data first goes to the central device (Hub). The central device then decides which device should receive the data and forwards it accordingly.
For example, if Computer A wants to send a file to Computer B, the data will first go to the central device (hub), and then the hub will forward it to Computer B.
4. Independent Device Links
Each device works independently. If one cable breaks, it does not affect the communication of other devices in the network. The rest of the network will continue to function normally. This makes star topology more reliable compared to other networks.
5. Single Point of Failure
The central device is very important. If it stops working, the whole network will not function. This is why it is called the single point of failure. It is important to keep the hub or switch in good condition to avoid network failure.
Star Topology in Computer Network
This topology is widely used in modern computer networks. This is especially used in offices and homes. The central hub acts as a communication point. It receives data from one node and transmits it to the intended destination node. Each node has a direct connection to the hub making it easy to add or remove devices without disrupting the entire network.
Star Topology Network Used For
Star topology is often used for client-server networks where the central hub acts as the server, and the nodes are the clients. It’s also well-suited for environments where centralized management and control are required such as in corporate networks or internet service provider (ISP) networks.
- Star topology is used in local area networks (LANs) for offices and homes.
- It is commonly deployed in client-server networks where multiple clients connect to a central server.
- Star topology provides a centralized management point, making monitoring and controlling network traffic easier.
- It simplifies troubleshooting, as problems can be easily isolated to a specific cable or node.
- Due to its efficient data transmission, it is ideal for real-time applications such as video conferencing and online gaming.
- Star topology is commonly used in wireless networks with the central node acting as an access point.
- It is suitable for networks that require high reliability and fault tolerance, as a failure in one cable or node does not affect the entire network.
Star topology offers several advantages as they are easy to manage and problems are easy to find. It also has some drawbacks like if the central hub breaks down the whole network stops working and it costs more for all the cables.
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