Multitasking means doing multiple tasks at the same time. Multiprogramming means Running multiple programs at once.
The difference between multiprogramming and multitasking lies in their focus and execution. Multiprogramming aims to maximize CPU utilization by switching between multiple programs in memory.
On the other hand, Multitasking creates the illusion of parallel execution for users by rapidly switching between multiple tasks or processes. It allows a more interactive and responsive user experience with seemingly simultaneous application execution.
What is Multiprogramming?
Multiprogramming is a technique where multiple programs are loaded into the computer’s memory at the same time. The CPU switches between these programs, executing them one at a time.
For example, the CPU can work on another while one program waits for input/output operations. Multiprogramming aims to maximize CPU utilization and increase system throughput.
What is Multitasking?
Multitasking is a method that allows a single CPU to execute multiple tasks or processes at the same time. It creates the illusion of parallel execution by rapidly switching between tasks.
For example, you can listen to music while browsing the internet and running a virus scan simultaneously on your computer. Multitasking improves user experience by allowing multiple applications to run “at the same time.”
Multiprogramming vs Multitasking
This table shows the key difference between multiprogramming and multitasking:
| Feature | Multiprogramming | Multitasking |
| Focus | Multiple programs | Multiple tasks |
| User interaction | Limited | High |
| CPU usage | Maximizes CPU use | Shares CPU time |
| Memory use | Programs share memory | Each task has its own memory |
| Switching | Between programs | Between tasks |
| Complexity | Less complex | More complex |
| Example | Batch processing systems | Modern operating systems |
